Diabetes Blood Test A1c - Neurological Complications Due To Diabetes.
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Patients with diabetes have more complications from nerve damage, called neuropathy due to diabetes. High blood sugar can damage the nerve fibers of the whole body, but the lower limbs and feet are often the most vulnerable.
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How is Neurological Complications Due To Diabetes
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Depending on how the nerve injury, but symptoms can vary from pain, loss of sensation in the lower to the symptoms of the digestive system, urinary tract, blood vessels and heart. Some patients have mild symptoms but many patients also have terrible pain, incapacity and even death
Neurological disease due to diabetes is the most serious complications of diabetes. You can prevent or slow the progression of neurological disease due to diabetes by controlling blood sugar intimately and have a wholesome lifestyle.
Symptoms
Neurological disease due to diabetes has four main types. Patients may have a form or a symptom of many types at once. Most of the symptoms manifest moderately as the inpatient did not notice until a serious injury. Some patients have symptoms even before diabetes is diagnosed.
Symptoms of neurological disease due to diabetes varies depending on what type and how nerve injury:
Peripheral neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy is the most common neurological disease due to diabetes. It hurt the nerves in the feet, lower limbs, arms and hands, but the lower limbs and feet are commonly affected most. These symptoms include:
* paralysis or decreased sensation of pain, hot and cold temperatures, especially in the feet.
* Stinging sensation, such as tingling, burning starts in your toes and moderately spread to the feet.
Pain like a knife stabbing, such as galvanic shocks or knives, often up at night.
* Increased sensitivity to touch, feel - a few patients, even up blanket is painful.
* Loss of equilibrium and coordination
* Muscle infirmity and difficulty walking
* Many leg problems are severe, such as ulcers, infection, deformity and painful joints.
Autonomic neuropathy
Autonomic nervous system controls the carrying out of the agency: heart, bladder, lung, stomach, digestive, reproductive organs and eye. Diabetes can damage the nerve fibers in any organ, causing:
* Bladder problems: recurrent urinary tract infection often does not operate or customary (elementary patients not resist)
* Digestive problems: as the first breath, heartburn and abdominal pain
* Constipation, diarrhea, unruly or a mixture of constipation and diarrhea
* Eat moderately emptied indigestion caused by gastric (stomach paralysis), foremost to nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite.
* Erectile dysfunction affects over 50% of men with diabetes> 60 years old.
* Vaginal dryness and difficulty in sexual performance in women.
* Increased or decreased sweating
* The inability to regulate blood pressure and heart rate, foremost to postural hypotension when the inpatient changes posture to sit or sugar.
* Issues associated to regulating body temperature.
* change the way the eyes adjust from light to dark.
Neurological disease commonly occurs automatically on diabetes patients operate blood sugar for many years is not good.
Also known as femoral neuropathy or muscle atrophy caused by diabetes. Neurological origin often painful in the hip, thigh, buttocks, commonly beginning on one side, eventually foremost to muscle infirmity and muscle atrophy patients difficult to change positions from sitting to standing. Many patients with severe weight loss. Some patients with pain in his back. Nerve root disease commonly occurs in elderly patients or patients with type 2 diabetes.
Focal neuropathy
Focal neuropathy commonly appear suddenly often associated to a nerve independent. common in elderly patients. Neurological disease that can cause localized pain and may disappear after a few weeks or few thang.Nhung symptoms include:
* difficulty focusing eyes, duplicate vision or pain behind the eyes.
*paralyze the side face
* Pain in the lower leg or foot.
Sometimes neurological disease caused by localized pinched nerve fibers. Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common form of focal neuropathy in patients with diabetes.
Symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome:
* Numbness, swelling, or stinging in the fingers while driving or while holding the newspaper.
* Pain spreading from the wrist up the arm, shoulder or spread to the palms, fingers.
* Feeling of infirmity in the hand and tend to drop objects.
Cause
A complicated system of nerves running throughout the body, connecting the brain to the muscles, skin and other organs. Through the nerves, the brain will feel the pain and temperature, operate and carrying out of self-acting tasks such as digestion.
High blood sugar can damage the nerve fibers, but the exact reckon is not known how clearly rang.Co be due to a mixture of many factors, along with nerve and blood vessels. High blood sugar increases the ability of neural signals pure decline. High blood sugar influence the capillaries that provide blood and nutrients to the nerve fibers.
Other factors
Other factors may conduce to neurological disease caused by diabetes, including:
* Glycate protein. Glycate process of protein occurs when glucose interacts with proteins, modifying proteins. This process is conception to be associated to complications of diabetes, along with neuropathy due to diabetes.
* Autoimmune inflammatory response of nerve fibers. When the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's organs in the body.
* Factor gene: make patients vulnerable nerve fibers.
* Alcohol and tobacco, both nerve damage and blood vessels, increasing the risk of infection.
Risk Factors
Any diabetic inpatient can no neurological complications, but the following factors increase the likelihood that injured nerve fibers.
* Poor blood sugar control. This is the biggest risk factors for all diabetes complications, along with neurological complications. holding blood sugar stable is the best way to safe the nerves and blood vessels.
* Time has diabetes. The risk of neuropathy due to diabetes increased over time with diabetes, especially if blood sugar is not well controlled. Neuropathy can automatically influence the digestive system, bladder and sexual function, which occurs generally in patients with diabetes are not good blood sugar operate or diabetes over 20 years. The rate of peripheral nerve disease occurs in most patients with diabetes> 25 years.
* Age. Older patients more at risk from diabetes nerve.
* Gender. Men prone to neurological disease due to diabetes than women.
* Increased cholesterol. Increased bad cholesterol damage the small blood vessels feeding the nerves.
* Cigarette smoking. Smoking is the arteries preserve and narrow and reduces blood flow to the legs. Production slow healing wounds and hurting peripheral neuropathy.
Diagnostic tests
Neurological disease due to diabetes is commonly diagnosed based on symptoms, healing history and corporeal examination. The doctor will contemplate your muscle tone, bone tendon reflexes, touch sensation, thermal sensation and vibration sense.
Usea soft nylon brush lightly over the foot. If the inpatient does not feel the nylon on the feet, which is a sign of loss of sensation.
Other tests
In some cases, the following tests may be screaming:
*Assessment of neurotransmitters. This test is used to rate the conductive speed of nerve fibers in the limbs, commonly used to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome.
American Diabetes association recommends that all group patients with diabetic foot should be examined at least once each year. In addition, foot inspection to detect signs of inflammation, cracked skin, calluses, deformed joints each doctor visit
Complications
Neurological disease due to diabetes can cause many serious complications
* Loss of sense of truth. Because of nerve damage causing loss of sensation in the legs, so the inpatient does not detect the injury, swelling and pain in the leg wound infection can be severe. Very high risk of infection due to decreased blood flow to the legs. Infection can spread to the bone and tissue necrosis. It is difficult to treat, need to be amputated legs or arms.
* Charcot Joints. This occurs when the joints in the legs disfigured by nerve damage
* customary and customary infection do not control. Neurological damage bladder operate patients could not state the end, still urine in the bladder after urinating, when it is so easy to create conditions for germs to build in the bladder and kidneys, foremost to infection urinary tract. Nerve damage also influence the ability to sense when you urinate and operate of urination.
* Hypoglycaemia without warning. Normally, when blood sugar dropped too low, below 70 mg / dL, or below 3.0 mmol / L patients will have symptoms such as trembling hands, sweating, heart palpitations... Here are the warning symptoms of patients. Neuropathy can automatically make the inpatient may not manifest symptoms of hypoglycemia and is not treated promptly, very easy to coma and even death.
* Low blood pressure.. Neurological damage operate circulatory system will impact the ability to adjust the body's blood pressure. When that cause low blood pressure when changing positions from sitting to standing, causing symptoms of dizziness or shock. Called postural hypotension.
* Gastrointestinal disorders. self-acting nerve damage operate digestive system will cause many digestive problems, along with constipation, diarrhea or constipation interspersed diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bloating or loss of feeling good mouth. A serious complication that is paralyzed stomach, as food from the stomach moderately cause nausea and vomiting.
* Sexual dysfunction. Neuropathy commonly self-acting nerve damage affecting the genitals, causing erectile dysfunction in men and vaginal dryness in women.
* Increased or decreased sweating. When the sweat glands do not function normally, the body will not be able to regulate body temperature. Typically, neurological diseases causing self-acting sweat more, especially at night
Drugs and treatment
Treatment of neurological diseases caused by diabetes to focus on:
* Slow progression of disease
* reduce pain
* medicine of complications
* Rehabilitation
Slow progression of the disease.
Keep blood sugar constant in the general limits will help slow the progression of peripheral neuropathy and can reduce symptoms. Target blood glucose:
* Blood sugar before meals: 90 to 130 mg / dL (5 to 7 mmol / L)
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